Turkey, a bridge between Europe and Asia, has long been a key player in international politics. Under the leadership of Recep Tayyip Erdogan, the country's foreign policy has experienced a significant transformation. In this blog, we will delve into the evolution of Turkey's foreign policy during Erdogan's tenure, examining the key shifts, challenges, and consequences of his approach on the global stage.
When Erdogan first came to power in 2003 as Prime Minister, he adopted a pragmatic foreign policy approach. Turkey sought to improve its relations with its neighbors and strengthen its ties with the European Union. This period was characterized by diplomatic efforts to resolve long-standing conflicts, such as those with Greece and Armenia.
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One of the cornerstones of Erdogan's early foreign policy was the "zero problems with neighbors" doctrine. Turkey aimed to foster stability and economic cooperation in its neighborhood. This approach led to improved relations with countries like Syria and Iran, as well as expanded trade partnerships.
The Arab Spring of 2010 brought significant challenges and opportunities for Turkey's foreign policy. Erdogan initially supported the uprisings, positioning Turkey as a champion of democracy and change in the Middle East. This approach, however, later led to complex relations with various regional actors, including Egypt and Saudi Arabia.
Erdogan's government also embraced a form of humanitarian diplomacy, particularly in the Syrian conflict. Turkey opened its doors to millions of Syrian refugees and supported rebel groups fighting against the Assad regime. This approach garnered international attention but also brought Turkey into direct conflict with Russia and strained its relations with Western allies.
In recent years, Erdogan's foreign policy has taken on a more assertive and nationalist tone. Turkey's interventions in Syria, Libya, and the Eastern Mediterranean have been viewed by some as an extension of its national interests, but they have also raised tensions with neighboring countries and NATO partners.
Turkey's foreign policy under Erdogan has seen a deterioration in relations with Western countries, particularly the United States and the European Union. Disputes over issues like Turkey's purchase of Russian S-400 missile defense systems and human rights concerns have strained these relationships.
Erdogan's leadership has necessitated a delicate balancing act in regional conflicts. Turkey has been involved in various proxy wars in Syria and Libya, often supporting opposing sides. This complex web of alliances and rivalries has made Turkey a central player in these conflicts, but it has also exposed it to considerable risks.
Under Erdogan, Turkey has sought to reposition itself as a regional power, asserting its influence in the Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa. This has led to competition and disputes with neighboring countries over energy resources and maritime boundaries.
The evolution of Turkey's foreign policy under Erdogan's leadership is a dynamic and complex story. From a pragmatic and diplomatic approach to a more assertive and nationalist stance, Erdogan's tenure has seen significant shifts that have both advanced Turkey's interests and generated challenges and controversies. As Turkey continues to navigate its role in the global arena, its foreign policy choices will undoubtedly have far-reaching implications for regional stability and international relations.
